Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA) is a type of hair loss disorder that primarily affects women of African descent. It is characterized by progressive hair loss and scarring (cicatricial) that starts at the central (central) part of the scalp and radiates outward in a centrifugal pattern.
CCCA typically begins at the crown or vertex of the scalp and gradually spreads outward, leading to thinning and scarring of the affected areas. The exact cause of CCCA is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic predisposition and external factors such as hairstyling practices, including traction alopecia from tight hairstyles like braids, weaves, and chemical treatments.
Symptoms of CCCA may include itching, burning, tenderness, and pain in the affected areas of the scalp. Over time, hair follicles become damaged and replaced by scar tissue, leading to permanent hair loss.
Diagnosis of CCCA usually involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and sometimes a scalp biopsy to confirm the presence of inflammation and scarring. Treatment options for CCCA may include topical or oral medications to reduce inflammation, halt the progression of hair loss, and promote hair growth. Additionally, avoiding traction-inducing hairstyles and practicing gentle hair care techniques are important to prevent further damage to the hair follicles.
Early detection and intervention are crucial in managing CCCA and preserving remaining hair follicles. Patients with CCCA may benefit from consulting with a dermatologist or hair specialist for proper diagnosis and treatment.